The list of Underground Railroad sites includes places where people who opposed slavery provided safety, help, and transportation for individuals who had escaped slavery in 19th century North America before and during the American Civil War. It also includes places connected to people who worked to help all Americans gain freedom in the effort to end slavery in the United States.

The list of officially confirmed Underground Railroad and Network to Freedom sites is organized by state or province and then by location.

Canada

The Act Against Slavery of 1793 said that any enslaved person would become free when they arrived in Upper Canada. A network of paths connected the United States to Upper and Lower Canada.

• Amherstburg Freedom Museum – Amherstburg. The museum uses historical objects, Black heritage displays, and videos to explain how Africans were forced into slavery and later traveled to Canada.
• Fort Malden – Amherstburg. One route to Ontario was crossing Lake Erie from Sandusky, Ohio, to Fort Malden. Another route was traveling across the Detroit River into Canada and then to Amherstburg. Many escaped enslaved people lived in the area, and Isaac J. Rice started a school for Black children as a missionary.
• Buxton National Historic Site and Elgin Settlement – Chatham, Ontario. The Elgin Settlement was created in 1849 by Reverend William King, a Presbyterian minister, with 15 former enslaved people. King inherited 14 enslaved people from his father-in-law, later acquired another, and freed them all. He intended the settlement to be a safe place for escaped enslaved people. The Buxton Mission was established there.
• Uncle Tom’s Cabin Historic Site and Dawn Settlement – Dresden. Rev. Josiah Henson, a former enslaved person who escaped slavery with his family via the Underground Railroad, helped start the Dawn Settlement in 1841. The settlement was a community for Black refugees, where people could learn skills and receive education. They exported tobacco, grain, and black walnut lumber to the United States and Britain.
• John R. Park Homestead Conservation Area – Essex. The Park Homestead was a stop on the Underground Railroad.
• John Freeman Walls Historic Site – Lakeshore. John Freeman Walls escaped slavery in North Carolina and moved to Canada. The Refugee Home Society provided money to buy land, and he built a cabin. Church services were held there before the Puce Baptist Church was built. The site was also a final stop on the Underground Railroad. Walls and his family remained in Canada after the American Civil War.
• Queen’s Bush – Mapleton. Starting in 1820, African American pioneers settled in Queen’s Bush. Over 1,500 Black people farmed the land and built a community with churches and schools, which were taught by American missionaries.
• St. Catharines. Harriet Tubman lived in St. Catharines and attended the Salem Chapel for ten years. After escaping slavery, she helped others reach freedom in Canada. The town was a final stop on the Underground Railroad for many people.
• Sandwich First Baptist Church – Windsor. The church was built in Windsor, Ontario, just across the border from the United States, by people who moved to Canada to live freely. It was designated a National Historic Site in 1999 for its role in helping escaped enslaved people and supporting its community.

African-American people settled in Nova Scotia since 1749.

• Birchtown National Historic Site – Birchtown. This settlement was created by Black people from Colonial America who fought for the British during the American Revolutionary War in exchange for freedom. Birchtown was the largest community of free Black people in British North America during the late 1700s.
• Africville – Halifax. Black people began settling in Africville in 1848. They did not have the same services as white people, such as clean water or sewers, and lived on land that was not good for farming. Some built a community with a Baptist church, a school, stores, and a post office. A plan was made to move families out of the area and destroy the town.

United States

• Barney L. Ford Building — Denver. This building is connected to Barney Ford, an escaped slave who became a successful businessman and worked to help Black people vote in Colorado. He used the Underground Railroad (UGRR) to escape slavery and supported its activities.

• Francis Gillette House — Bloomfield
• Austin F. Williams Carriagehouse and House — Farmington. Built in the mid-1800s, this property was named a National Historic Landmark because it was involved in the famous Amistad Africans case and served as a station on the Underground Railroad.
• First Church of Christ, Congregational — Farmington. The church was a key place on the Underground Railroad and helped the African slaves who rebelled on the Spanish ship La Amistad. When the enslaved people who rebelled were freed in 1841, they came to Farmington.
• Polly and William Wakeman House — Wilton. The Wakemans were abolitionists in Wilton who helped runaway slaves. A tunnel under their house, accessed by a trap door, was used to hide escaped slaves. They also led late-night trips to help slaves travel to safety through the Underground Railroad.

• Camden Friends Meetinghouse — Camden. This Quaker meeting house (built in 1806) was part of the Camden Monthly Meeting. Some members helped people escape slavery through the Underground Railroad, including John Hunn, who is buried in its cemetery.
• John Dickinson Plantation — Dover
• New Castle Court House — New Castle
• Appoquinimink Friends Meetinghouse — Odessa
• Corbit–Sharp House — Odessa
• The Tilly Escape site, Gateway to Freedom: Harriet Tubman's Daring Route through Seaford — Seaford
• Friends Meeting House — Wilmington
• Thomas Garrett House — Wilmington

• Blanche K. Bruce House
• Camp Greene and Contraband Camp
• Frederick Douglass National Historic Site
• Howard University, Moorland-Spingarn Research Center
• Leonard Grimes Property Site
• Mary Ann Shadd Cary House
• Pearl incident at 7th Street Dock

• Negro Fort, also known as British Fort and Fort Gadsden — near Sumatra, Franklin County
• Fort Mosé — St. John's County

• First African Baptist Church — Savannah
• Dr. Robert Collins House – William and Ellen Craft Escape Site (NRHP site) — Macon

• Old Rock House — Alton
• New Philadelphia Town Site — Barry
• Quinn Chapel AME Church — Brooklyn
• Lucius Read House — Byron
• Galesburg Colony UGRR Freedom Station at Knox College — Galesburg
• Beecher Hall, Illinois College — Jacksonville
• Graue Mill — Oak Brook
• Dr. Hiram Rutherford House and Office — Oakland
• Owen Lovejoy House — Princeton
• John Hossack House — Ottawa
• Dr. Richard Eells House — Quincy
• Maple Lane (Reverend Asa Turner House) – Quincy
• Mission Institute Number One – Quincy
• Mission Institute Number Two – Quincy
• Oakland (Dr. David Nelson House) – Quincy
• Blanchard Hall, Wheaton College — Wheaton
• Thede Home – Geneseo Historical Museum — Geneseo

• Levi Coffin House — Fountain City
• Bethel AME Church — Indianapolis
• Eleutherian College Classroom and Chapel Building — Lancaster
• Lyman and Asenath Hoyt House — Madison
• Madison Historic District — Madison
• Town Clock Church (now Second Baptist Church) — New Albany
• Quinn House, within Old Richmond Historic District — Richmond
• Phanuel Lutheran Church — Southeastern Fountain County

• First Congregational Church — Burlington
• Horace Anthony House — Camanche
• Reverend George B. Hitchcock House — Lewis vicinity
• Henderson Lewelling House — Salem
• Todd House — Tabor
• Jordan House — West Des Moines

• Fort Scott National Historic Site — Bourbon County
• John Brown Cabin — Osawatomie

Other articles and references

• List of Underground Railroad Locations
• National Underground Railroad Freedom Center
• Information About the Underground Railroad
• Underground Railroad Bicycle Route

• Snodgrass, Mary Ellen (2008). A Book About the Underground Railroad: People, Places, and Activities. Armonk, New York: M.E. Sharpe. ISBN 978-0-7656-8093-8.

• Map of Underground Railroad Locations
• Photos of the Underground Railroad Route
• American Abolitionists